Kodi matani 6,750 a Steel Frame Building a National Center for the Performing Arts adakwaniritsa bwanji mzati umodzi?

Bungwe la National Center for the Performing Arts lawonetsadi kuchuluka kwapadziko lonse lapansi muzomangamanga, zomanga zapanyumba zomwe zidachita upainiya, ndipo adayesa molimba mtima, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zachitsulo za titaniyamu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ndege ndi ndege zina. , monga zomangira denga. Maonekedwe olimba ovundikira ndi madzi ozungulira ozungulira amapanga mawonekedwe omanga a ngale pamadzi, buku, avant-garde, komanso wapadera. Zonsezi, zimaphatikizanso mawonekedwe a nyumba zodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi m'zaka za zana la 21, ndipo zitha kutchedwa kuphatikiza koyenera kwachikhalidwe ndi zamakono, zachikondi komanso zenizeni.

Mapangidwe a National Center for Performing Arts anayamba ndi mfundo ziwiri: choyamba, ndi zisudzo zapadziko lonse lapansi; Chachiwiri, sichingathe kulanda Nyumba Yaikulu ya Anthu. Grand theatre yomaliza yomwe idawonetsedwa kutsogolo kwa dziko lapansi yokhala ndi chowulungika chachikulu, kukhala nyumba yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi mawonekedwe atsopano komanso lingaliro lapadera.

Malinga ndi masomphenya a womanga wotchuka wa ku France Paul Andreu, malo atatha kumaliza National Theatre ali motere: paki yaikulu yobiriwira, dziwe lamadzi abuluu likuzungulira bwalo la oval siliva, ndipo pepala la titaniyamu ndi chipolopolo cha galasi chikuwonetsera. kuwala kwa usana ndi usiku, ndipo mtundu umasintha. Bwaloli lazunguliridwa ndi makoma agalasi agolide omwe amawonekera pang'ono ndipo pamwamba pake amawona mlengalenga kuchokera mkati mwa nyumbayo. Anthu ena amafotokoza maonekedwe a Grand Theatre itatha kumalizidwa ngati "dontho lamadzi a kristalo".

1. Dome yaikulu kwambiri ku China imamangidwa kuchokera ku matani 6,750 a zitsulo zachitsulo

Chigoba cha NCPA chimakhala ndi zitsulo zopindika, dome lalikulu lachitsulo lomwe limatha kuphimba bwalo lonse la Beijing Workers' Stadium.

Chodabwitsa, chachikulu choterozitsulo chimango dongosolosichichirikizidwa ndi mzati umodzi pakati. Mwanjira ina, chitsulo cholemera matani 6750 chiyenera kudalira kwathunthu makina ake opangira makina kuti atsimikizire chitetezo ndi bata.

Kukonzekera kosinthika kumeneku kumapangitsa National Center for Performing Arts kukhala ngati mbuye wa tai chi yemwe amasokoneza mphamvu zamtundu uliwonse kuchokera kudziko lakunja ndi njira zofewa komanso zolimba. Mu mapangidwe azitsulo kapangidweya Grand theatre, kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzitsulo zonse ndi 197 kilogalamu pa mita imodzi yokha, yomwe ndi yotsika kuposa nyumba zambiri zofanana ndi zitsulo. Kupanga zitsulo za chipolopolochi ndizovuta kwambiri, ndipo crane yokhala ndi matani akulu kwambiri ku China imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokweza zitsulo.

2. Thirani khoma lotchinga madzi pansi pa nthaka kuti muteteze maziko ozungulira

National Center for the Performing Arts ndi 46 metres kutalika, koma kuya kwake pansi panthaka ndikokwera kwambiri ngati nyumba yokhala ndi nsanjika 10, 60% ya malo omangawo ndi mobisa, ndipo chakuya kwambiri ndi 32.5 metres, yomwe ndi projekiti yakuya kwambiri yapansi panthaka. nyumba ku Beijing.

Pali madzi ambiri apansi pa nthaka, ndipo kusungunuka kopangidwa ndi madzi apansiwa kumatha kukweza chonyamulira ndege chachikulu cholemera matani 1 miliyoni, kotero kuti kuwomba kwakukulu ndikokwanira kukweza National Grand Theatre yonse.

Njira yachikhalidwe ndiyo kupopera madzi apansi mosalekeza, koma zotsatira za kupopa madzi apansi panthaka kudzakhala kupangidwa kwa 5km pansi pa nthaka "nthambi yamadzi apansi panthaka" kuzungulira Grand Theatre, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maziko ozungulira akhazikike ndipo ngakhale pamwamba pa nyumbayo akhoza kusweka.

Kuti athetse vutoli, akatswiri ndi akatswiri apanga kafukufuku wolondola ndikutsanulira chotchinga chamadzi chapansi pa nthaka ndi konkire kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi apansi mpaka pamtunda wa mamita 60 pansi pa nthaka. "Chidebe" chachikulu ichi, chopangidwa ndi khoma la konkire pansi, chimatsekera maziko a Grand Theatre. Pompo imakokera madzi kuchoka mumtsuko, kotero kuti mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa madzi akuponyedwa kuchokera ku maziko, madzi apansi kunja kwa chidebe samakhudzidwa, ndipo nyumba zozungulira zimakhala zotetezeka.

3. Zoziziritsa mpweya m'malo ochepa

National Center for the Performing Arts ndi nyumba yotsekedwa yopanda Windows yakunja. M'malo otsekedwa chotero, mpweya wamkati umayendetsedwa kwathunthu ndi mpweya wapakati, choncho zofunikira zina zimayikidwa patsogolo pa ntchito yaumoyo ya mpweya wabwino. Pambuyo pa SARS, ogwira ntchito zamainjiniya ku Grand Theatre adakweza miyezo yoyika ma air conditioning, air conditioning, air air unit, etc.

4. Kuyika denga la titaniyamu

Denga la Grand Theatre lili ndi masikweya mita 36,000 ndipo limapangidwa makamaka ndi titaniyamu ndi magalasi. Chitsulo cha Titaniyamu chili ndi mphamvu zambiri, kukana dzimbiri ndi mtundu wabwino, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ndege ndi zida zina zachitsulo. Dengali lidzasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku mbale zoposa 10,000 za titaniyamu pafupifupi 2 masikweya mita kukula kwake. Chifukwa kuyika Angle kumasinthasintha nthawi zonse, mbale iliyonse ya titaniyamu ndi hyperboloid, yokhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana, kukula kwake ndi kupindika. Kunenepa kwa mbale yachitsulo ya titaniyamu ndi 0,44 mm yokha, yomwe ndi yopepuka komanso yopyapyala, ngati pepala lochepa thupi, kotero payenera kukhala cholumikizira chopangidwa ndi zinthu zophatikizika pansipa, ndipo mzere uliwonse udzadulidwa kukula kofanana ndi titaniyamu. mbale yachitsulo pamwambapa, kotero kuti ntchito ndi zovuta za ntchito ndizopambana kwambiri.

Pakalipano, palibe malo aakulu ngati titaniyamu mbale zitsulo padenga nyumba mayiko. Nyumba za ku Japan zimagwiritsa ntchito mbale za titaniyamu kwambiri, nthawi ino Grand Theatre idzalamula wopanga ku Japan kuti apange zitsulo za titaniyamu.

5. Kuyeretsa pamwamba pa chipolopolo cha denga

Kuyeretsa kwa chipolopolo cha denga la titaniyamu ndi vuto lovuta, ndipo akunenedwa kuti ngati njira yoyeretsera pamanja ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, idzawoneka ngati yovuta komanso yosakongola, ndipo teknoloji yapamwamba iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa.

Pakalipano, akatswiri amasankha kusankha makina apamwamba kwambiri a nano, omwe sangagwirizane ndi chinthucho atapaka, malinga ngati madzi akuphwanyidwa, dothi lonse lidzatsukidwa.

Komabe, chifukwa chakuti iyi ndi teknoloji yatsopano, palibe chitsanzo cha umisiri chofanana chomwe chingatchulidwe, akatswiri akupanga mayesero olimbikitsa ma laboratory pa zokutira za nano, kaya kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zoyesa kungadziwike pambuyo pake.

6. Miyala yonse yoweta, yosonyeza dziko lapansi lokongola

Grand Theatre idagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yopitilira 20 yamiyala yachilengedwe, yochokera m'zigawo ndi mizinda yopitilira 10 ku China. Madera 22 a holoyi okha amagwiritsa ntchito miyala yoposa 10, yotchedwa "Splendid Earth", kutanthauza mapiri ndi mitsinje yokongola ya dziko la China.

Pali "diamondi ya Blue" yochokera ku Chengde, "Night rose" yochokera ku Shanxi, "Starry Sky" ya ku Hubei, "maluwa a chipolopolo cha m'nyanja" ochokera ku Guizhou... Ambiri mwa iwo ndi mitundu yosowa, monga "maluwa agolide obiriwira" ochokera ku Henan. , yomwe sinasindikizidwe.

"White yade yade" anaika mu azitona Hall opangidwa ku Beijing ndi mwala woyera ndi diagonal wobiriwira nthiti, mizere diagonal mwachibadwa kwaiye, ndi mbali imodzi, amene ndi osowa kwambiri. Miyala yonse yoyikamo bwalo lalikulu la zisudzo ndi pafupifupi 100,000 masikweya mita, ogwira ntchito zaumisiri amalimbikira kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yapakhomo, atatha kupotoza kangapo kuti apeze mwala wonse womwe umagwirizana ndi lingaliro la wopanga mumitundu ndi kapangidwe.

Zoterezi zazikulu zopanda ma radiation migodi, processing ndi vuto lalikulu kwa ogwira ntchito zomangamanga, ngakhale mlengi Andrew anadabwa ndi zokongola zokongola mwala Chinese ndi Chinese migodi migodi, processing luso zopambana.

7. Tulukani mwachangu komanso mosatekeseka

Mabwalo atatu a National Grand Theatre amatha kukhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 5,500, kuphatikiza ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi mpaka anthu 7,000, chifukwa cha mapangidwe apadera a National Grand Theatre, bwalo lazisudzo lazunguliridwa ndi dziwe lalikulu lotseguka. kotero pakachitika mwadzidzidzi monga moto, momwe mwamsanga 7,000 omvera kuchokera m'madzi ozunguliridwa ndi "chigoba cha dzira" mu kusamutsidwa kotetezeka, kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe, Ndizovuta zovuta kuti okonza athetse.

M'malo mwake, njira yopulumukira moto ku National Center for the Performing Arts idapangidwa kuti ilole anthu 15,000 kuti achoke mwachangu. Pakati pawo, pali njira zisanu ndi zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi zinayi zotulutsiramo, iliyonse mamita atatu ndi asanu ndi awiri pansi pa nthaka, yomwe imadutsa pansi pa dziwe lalikulu ndikupita kumalo akunja. Kupyolera m'njirazi, owonerera akhoza kutulutsidwa bwinobwino mkati mwa mphindi zinayi, zomwe ndi zosakwana mphindi zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zimafunidwa ndi code yamoto.

Kuonjezera apo, pali njira yozimitsa moto mpaka mamita 8 m'lifupi yopangidwa pakati pa zisudzo ndi dziwe lotseguka, lomwe ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndipo limatha kukhala ndi magalimoto awiri ozimitsa moto akudutsa mbali imodzi, ndikusiyanso njira yodutsa mamita awiri. , ozimitsa moto amatha kufika pamalo omwe amazimitsa moto panthawi yake kudzera mu njira yozimitsa moto, kotero kuti ozimitsa moto ndi ogwira ntchito omwe achotsedwa akhoza kupita njira yawo popanda kusokoneza.

Izi "zisudzo mu mzinda, mzinda mu zisudzo" akuwoneka ndi maganizo achilendo "ngale mu nyanja" kuposa kulingalira. Limasonyeza nyonga yamkati, nyonga yamkati pansi pa bata lakunja. Grand Theatre imayimira kutha kwa nthawi imodzi ndi chiyambi cha ina.