Chifukwa Chiyani Musankhe Zomanga Zitsulo za Sukulu ya Pulojekiti Yanu Yotsatira ya Campus?

Lembani autilaini

1. Yambani ndi zopinga zenizeni: chitetezo, kalendala, bajeti, kugula zinthu, ndi ntchito zanthawi yayitali.
2. Tanthauzirani zolepheretsazo kukhala zofunika kwambiri pamapangidwe: kuthamanga, kudalirika, kusinthasintha, ndi kusamalitsa.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito mafananidwe ndi mindandanda kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chosankha ntchito isanayambe.
4. Tsekani kuzungulira ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino, malo oyendera, ndi zolemba zoperekedwa zogwirira ntchito kusukulu.

Ndi zowawa zotani zomwe ntchito zakusukulu zimakumana nazo nthawi zambiri?

Sukulu sizimangirira popanda kanthu. Mukumanga mozungulira ana, pophunzitsa tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso mozungulira kuyankha pagulu. M'malo mwake, zokhumudwitsa zofala kwambiri si "nyumba" yokha - ndizodabwitsazomwe zimawoneka mochedwa. Nazi mfundo zowawa zomwe zimachedwetsa pulojekiti zasukulu mobwerezabwereza:

• Mazenera omangika oponderezedwa: Nthawi yopuma yachilimwe ndi nyengo za mayeso zimapanga nthawi yopapatiza pomwe ntchito zolemetsa zimatheka.
• Chitetezo ndi kuwongolera malo: Mufunika malire aukhondo, zolosera zam'tsogolo, ndi zochitika zochepa zapamalo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Kusatsimikizika kwa bajeti: Kusintha kwazinthu ndi ntchito kungayambitse kukonzanso, kuchepetsa kukula, kapena kuchedwetsa kuvomereza.
• Kutonthoza kwamayimbidwe: Makalasi amalephera phokoso likatuluka pakati pa mipata kapena kugwedezeka kwa HVAC kumakhala kosokoneza nthawi zonse.
• Kutonthoza kwamafuta ndi ntchito yamphamvu: Nyumba "yowoneka bwino" imakhumudwitsabe ngati ikutentha kwambiri, kuzizira kwambiri, kapena kuyendetsa mtengo.
• Kutsimikizira zamtsogolo: Kulembetsa, maphunziro, ndi ukadaulo zikufunika. Nyumba ziyenera kusinthidwa popanda kugwetsa kwakukulu.
• Katundu wosamalira: Magulu a malo amafunikira zomaliza zokhazikika, mwayi wopezeka ndi mautumiki, ndi mikombero yolosera m'malo.

Kodi chimapangitsa nyumba yachitsulo kukhala yosiyana ndi chiyani?

A School Steel Buildingsi “bokosi lachitsulo” chabe. M'mapulojekiti amakono amaphunziro, chitsulo chimagwira ntchito ngati chimango choyambirira (mizati, mizati, zomangira, ndipo nthawi zina ma trusses) omwe amathandiza maenvulopu osiyanasiyana omanga: zomangira njerwa, mapanelo otchingidwa pakhoma, makoma a nsalu zotchinga, zokutira za simenti za fiber, ndi zina zambiri.

Kusiyana kwakukulu ndimomwe chimapangidwira ndikusonkhanitsidwa. Zitsulo zachitsulo zimapangidwa ndi kulamulidwa kulondola, kenako kuperekedwa ndikukhazikitsidwa bwino pamalowo. Zomwe zimasintha kamvekedwe ka polojekitiyi: malonda onyowa ochepa, kutsatizana koyeretsa, ndi malo otsekeredwa m'mbuyo - nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu kwa masukulu omwe amayesa kupewa kuchedwa chifukwa cha nyengo.

• Kupanga koyendetsedwa ndi mafakitaleimathandizira kusasinthika ndikuchepetsa kuyambiranso.
• Chotsani kayendetsedwe ka erectionimathandizira mayendedwe otetezedwa ndi malo okwera omwe adakonzedwa komanso zosadziwika bwino.
• Zosankha zazitalipangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, malo ochitirako misonkhano, malo osungiramo mabuku, ndi holo zosinthika zogwiritsa ntchito zambiri.
• Ma grids osinthikakuthandizira kukonzanso mtsogolo - magawo atsopano ndi kukweza kwa MEP kumakhala kosavuta.

Ndi maubwino ati omwe ali ofunika kwambiri pamasukulu enieni?

Ngati mukusankha dongosolo lamapangidwe, mukusankha mtundu wa ululu womwe mukufuna kupewa. Kwa malo ophunzirira, zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimawala m'magulu anayi:liwiro, kulosera, kusinthasintha, ndi zochitika zamoyo. Tiyeni titembenuzire izi kukhala zotsatira zomwe mungamve panthawi yomanga komanso pambuyo pake.

1) Njira yofulumira yopita ku nyumba yosanja nyengo

• Mpanda wakalezikutanthauza kuti malonda amkati atha kuyamba posachedwa, zomwe ndizofunikira mukamathamangitsa kalendala yamaphunziro.
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha nyengochifukwa ndondomekoyi imatsamira pang'onopang'ono pa ntchito yapatsamba.
• Kugwirizana koyeretsapopeza kulolerana kwamapangidwe kumakhala kosavuta kuwongolera ndi zida zopangidwa.

2) Kuwongolera bajeti ndi kukonzanso mochedwa

• Tanthauzo lomveka bwino la kukulazimathandiza magulu ogula zinthu kufananiza mabidi nthawi zonse.
• “Ntchito zachinsinsi” zochepapa malo, kuchepetsa malamulo osinthika omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zobisika ndi zovuta zogwirizanitsa.
• Zambiri zobwerezedwakudutsa m'makalasi ndi makonde akhoza kuphweka mapangidwe ndi kuchepetsa zolakwa.

3) Kusinthasintha kwa maphunziro amakono

Sukulu zikupita ku maphunziro otengera ntchito, malo osakanizidwa, komanso zofunikira za labu ndiukadaulo. Kupanga zitsulo kumathandizira izi popangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta:

• Konzaninso magawo popanda kukonzanso makoma olemetsa
• Konzekerani ma mezzanines amtsogolo, ma canopies, kapena kukulitsa ndi njira zolumikizirana
• Pangani madera akuluakulu otseguka a malo opanga, malaibulale, ndi malo ogwirira ntchito

4) Ntchito zanthawi yayitali zomwe sizilanga gulu lanu lamagulu

• Njira zopezera ntchito(HVAC, magetsi, data) zitha kukonzedwa mwaukhondo mkati mwa ma gridi omangidwa.
• Kuchita mokhazikikandi njira yoyenera yotetezera dzimbiri pamalo anu.
• Zosavuta zamtsogolopakukweza kwaukadaulo ndikusintha ma code.

Kodi chitsulo chimasiyana bwanji ndi zosankha zina zamapangidwe?

Opanga zisankho kaŵirikaŵiri amafuna kufananizidwa msanga. Ngakhale projekiti iliyonse ili ndi zovuta zake, tebulo ili litha kukuthandizani kupanga malonda popanda kutayika mu jargon.

Chosankha	Frame yachitsulo (Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito Pasukulu)	Konkire / Masonry (Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito Pasukulu)
Ndandanda kudalirika	Nthawi zambiri imathandizira kuyimitsidwa mwachangu komanso kutsekeka koyambirira pamene kulumikizana kuli kolimba	Zitha kukhala zochepa chifukwa cha kunyowa kwa malonda, nthawi yochiritsa, komanso kukhudzidwa kwanyengo
Kusokoneza tsamba	Zokwezeka zambiri zokonzekera ndi kutumiza; Zodabwitsa zongopeka pamalo ochepa	Kuchulukirachulukira kosalekeza kwatsamba; ntchito yonyowa kwambiri komanso kufunafuna malo
Kusinthasintha & kusintha kwamtsogolo	Ma gridi osinthika komanso kutalika kwakutali kumatha kupangitsa kukonzanso ndi kukulitsa	Zosintha zimatha kukhala zosokoneza kwambiri ngati makoma omangika kapena zinthu zolemetsa zikulamulira
Acoustics & chitonthozo	Zimatengera ma envelopu, kusungunula, ndi zomangira zamkati (zotheka, koma ziyenera kupangidwa mwadala)	Misa imatha kuthandizira kudzipatula, koma tsatanetsatane ndi HVAC ikadali yofunika
Kudziwiratu mtengo	Zopangira zopangira zimatha kukhala zomveka bwino; zochepa zosadziwika pamene kukula kwatsekedwa mwamsanga	Mtengo ukhoza kusinthasintha ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito komanso ndandanda yowonjezera
Campus aesthetics	Kwambiri customizable; chitsulo ndi chimango, osati mawonekedwe omalizidwa	Komanso makonda, koma amatha kulepheretsa kusankha kwanthawi yayitali

Zindikirani: Kagwiridwe kake kakutengera ma code amdera lanu, momwe nthaka ilili, nthawi yotalikirapo, ndi kumanga kwathunthu - osati zomangira zokha.

Kodi muyenera kusankha chiyani mutangoyamba kupanga?

Ntchito za kusukulu zimapambana ngati "zisankho zoyambilira" zilidi msanga. Ngati zinthu zovuta zikusokonekera, mumalipira ndalama zokonzanso, kuvomerezanso, ndi kuchedwa kugula. Kwa makampasi opangidwa ndi chitsulo, awa ndi zisankho zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri kuti atseke:

• Kupanga gridi ndi zipata: Sankhani komwe mukufuna malo otseguka (malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi) motsutsana ndi malo ophunzirira.
• Envelopu njira: Sankhani makoma ndi padenga potengera nyengo, kulimba, komanso kukonza bwino.
• Zolinga zamayimbidwe: Khazikitsani zolinga zodzipatula m'kalasi ndikugwirizanitsa magawo, masiling'i, ndi zolowera molingana.
• Njira ya MEP: Tsimikizirani malo osungiramo zipinda zamakina, njira za shaft, ndi malo opangira siling'i kusanamalize tsatanetsatane.
• Chitetezo ndi kufalikira: Konzani zolowera zotetezeka, mizere yowonekera, ndi njira zotulutsiramo zomwe zikugwirizana ndi momwe mumagwirira ntchito.
• Mfundo zowonjezera: Dziwani komwe mapiko amtsogolo, malo owonjezera, kapena tinjira zokutidwa tingalumikizane.

Kodi mumayendetsa bwanji ndandanda ndi khalidwe lanu?

Ntchito zambiri zapasukulu zimapunthwa osati chifukwa chitsulo chimakhala chovuta, koma chifukwa kugwirizana kumachepetsedwa. Yankho lake ndi chilango chosavuta: kufotokozera maudindo oyambirira ndikupanga malo oyendera omwe akugwirizana ndi momwe ntchito zachitsulo zimayendera.

Njira zoperekera mwanzeru

• Mangirirani gridi yamapangidwemusanayambe kuvomereza kuti mupewe kukonzanso kwa domino-effect.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zizindikiro zomveka zotumizirakotero magulu ogula zinthu, uinjiniya, ndi mawebusayiti amakhala ogwirizana.
• Konzani zotumizira mozungulira magalimoto apasukulukuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa mabasi, oyenda pansi, ndi malo oimika magalimoto ogwira ntchito.
• Khazikitsani mayendedwe abwinokwa kuwotcherera, kuyika bawuti, momwe zokutira, ndi kulolerana kwa kulumikizana.
• Gwirizanitsani kulowa koyambirirakuletsa kubowola m'munda komwe kungayambitse kuchedwa ndi mikangano.

Misampha yodziwika ndi momwe mungapewere

Msampha	Momwe zimawonekera pa projekiti yakusukulu	Momwe mungapewere
Zosintha mochedwa pamapangidwe a zipinda	Kusintha kwa kukula kwa kalasi kumakakamiza MEP kukonzanso njira ndi kukonzanso kulumikizana	Tsekani gululi ndi kuzungulira kwapakati poyamba; sinthani kusintha ngati kusintha kosiyanasiyana
Misonkhano yamayimbidwe yosadziwika bwino	Madandaulo a phokoso atakhalamo	Fotokozani zolinga zamayimbidwe koyambirira ndikugwirizanitsa malowedwe, zisindikizo, ndi denga
Zosankha za envulopu zidafika mochedwa kwambiri	Kusemphana ndi kutseguka kwa mawindo, zochepetsera, ndi kupitiriza kwa insulation	Sankhani dongosolo la khoma/denga msanga ndikusintha tsatanetsatane musanatulutse
Zosakonzekera zapampasi	Kuchulukana kwapaulendo ndi zochitika zachitetezo	Pangani ndondomeko yobweretsera ndi kukweza ndondomeko; sungani madera a ophunzira paokha

Kodi mumasankha bwanji omanga naye banja?

Kapangidwe kabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi sikungapulumutse projekiti ngati tsatanetsatane, kupanga, ndi kugwirizanitsa masamba sikuli bwino. Posankha wothandizira kapena gulu lophatikizika, yang'anani kupyola pamtengo wamtengo. Funsani umboni wa kukhwima kwa ndondomeko ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi sukulu:

• Thandizo la engineering: Kodi angagwirizanitse cholinga cha mapangidwe ndi njira zopangira komanso zomangira?
• Kukwanitsa kupanga: Kodi ali ndi dongosolo lokhazikika la kupanga ndi kuwongolera khalidwe?
• Zolemba za polojekiti: Kodi mudzalandira zojambula zomveka bwino, mindandanda yazonyamula, ndi chithandizo chomangidwira chomwe chimathandiza kontrakitala wanu?
• Njira zokutira ndi dzimbiri: Kodi angagwirizane ndi chitetezo ndi nyengo yanu komanso momwe mumawonekera?
• Maganizo a coordination: Kodi amayang'anira mikangano (MEP, envelopu, kulumikizana) asanafike pamalopo?

Ngati mukuyesa aSchool Steel Buildingphukusi ndikufuna gulu lomwe limamvetsetsa zenizeni zakusukulu,Malingaliro a kampani Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Eihe Steel Structure Group Co., Ltd. ndi chitsanzo chimodzi cha wothandizira omwe amathandizira njira zothetsera zitsulo zamaphunziro ndi njira yoyendetsera polojekiti-kuyambira kugwirizanitsa koyambirira kudzera mukupanga ndi kukonza zoperekera.

Mndandanda wokonzekera kusukulu musanavomereze zojambula

Bweretsani izi ku msonkhano wanu wotsatira. Zapangidwa kuti zigwire nkhani "zazing'ono" zomwe zimakhala zakupha ndandanda pambuyo pake.

• Kalendala zenizeni: Kodi mwajambulapo ntchito zazikulu zaphokoso za nthawi yopuma kusukulu ndi nthawi ya mayeso?
• Kufikira ndi chitetezo: Kodi njira za ophunzira zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zotengera, ma cranes, ndi malo ochitirako?
• Acoustics: Kodi mitundu yogawa, zosindikizira, ndi malowedwe amatanthauziridwa m'makalasi, ma lab, ndi zipinda zanyimbo?
• Chitonthozo: Kodi milingo yotsekera ndi zotsekera mpweya zimagwirizana padenga/pakhoma?
• Kukhalitsa: Kodi zokutira ndi zinthu za envulopu zasankhidwa malinga ndi momwe nyengo yanu ikugwiritsidwira ntchito?
• MEP coordination: Kodi ma shafts, zipinda za zida, ndi malo opangira siling'ono amakhazikika asanavomerezedwe kupanga?
• Kusinthasintha: Kodi pali dongosolo lolembedwa lazowonjezera zamtsogolo kapena kukonzanso kwamkati?
• Pereka: Kodi gulu lanu lanyumba lidzalandira malangizo omveka bwino okonzekera bwino komanso zolemba zomwe zimamangidwa?

FAQ

Kodi nyumba yosungiramo zitsulo zasukulu ndi yabwino kwa ophunzira ndi antchito?

Inde, akapangidwa motsatira ma code am'deralo ndikufotokozedwa bwino, zitsulo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo. Chosiyanitsa chachikulu chachitetezo pakumanga nthawi zambiri chimakhala zinthu: kukweza kokonzekera, kutumiza koyendetsedwa, ndi kulekanitsa bwino. pakati pa malo ogwira ntchito ndi malo omwe amakhalapo.

Kodi nyumba ya sukulu yachitsulo idzakhala yaphokoso kwambiri kapena momveka bwino?

Kuwongolera kwaphokoso kumadalira makonzedwe amkati (magawo, denga, zisindikizo) ndi kapangidwe ka makina kuposa chimango chokhacho. Ngati ma acoustics akhazikitsidwa ngati chofunikira choyambirira, makamaka m'makalasi, zipinda zanyimbo, ndi malaibulale - ntchito zachitsulo zitha kukhala zabwino, malo abata.

Kodi zitsulo zikutanthauza kuti nyumbayo idzawoneka ngati mafakitale?

Ayi konse. Chitsulo ndicho mafupa, osati khungu. Maonekedwe a sukulu yanu amachokera ku zida za façade, makina awindo, zida za shading, ndi kumaliza mkati. Nyumba zambiri zamaphunziro zimagwiritsa ntchito mafelemu achitsulo pomwe zikuwonetsa mawonekedwe amasiku ano a njerwa kapena zomangamanga.

Kodi tingamange bwanji mwachangu popanda kusiya khalidwe?

Liwiro limachokera pakulumikizana koyambirira ndi kuvomereza koyenera: kutseka gululi, kutsimikizira njira za MEP, gwirizanitsani zambiri za envelopu, ndi khazikitsani malo owunikira kuti apangidwe ndi kumanga. Ndondomeko yofulumira ndiyodalirika kwambiri pamene "zisankho" sizikusuntha.

Kodi tingawonjezere mtsogolo ngati kulembetsa kukukula?

Kupanga zitsulo nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kukulitsa mtsogolo kukhala kosavuta, makamaka ngati mukukonzekera mwadala malo olumikizirana ndi kapangidwe kake kuyambira tsiku loyamba. Funsani gulu lanu lopanga kuti lilembe njira yosavuta yowonjezeramo (kuti, bwanji, ndi zomwe ziyenera kutetezedwa lero kuti zimange mawa).

Kodi tiyenera kukonzekera chiyani tisanapemphe chilolezo?

Phukusi lamphamvu loyambira limaphatikizapo: malo, malo omwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pomanga, pafupi ndi pansi, zosoweka (zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi / holo), kalembedwe ka façade yomwe mumakonda, malingaliro a nyengo, ndi zopinga zanu (kalendala yamaphunziro). Kuchulukirachulukira zovuta zanu, zosinthidwa zochepa zomwe mungakumane nazo pambuyo pake.